Retrograde (2004) on Netflix

Plot summary

The year is 2204, and a fast-spreading super-bug is pushing humankind toward extinction. The only hope is Captain John Foster and his squad of genetically resistant soldiers, chosen for the first attempt at time travel. Their mission is to travel into the past and make certain that the first infection never happens, so the meteors carrying the deadly off-world bacteria must never be found. Dalton, the second traveler, does not share Foster's view of the mission. The two arrive aboard a research ship trapped in the Antarctic, where the encounter alters the lives of the scientists and polar researchers on board.